Flaming-machine



No. 624,886. Patented May 9, I899. s. A. woons, H. B. TILLISON & c. w. H. BLOOD PLANING cums,

(Application aim M12, 1898.) 4N0 Model.) 3 Sheets-Shaet I.

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m. 624,886. Patented May 9, I899, s. A. wooos, H. n. musou an. w. H. BLOOD.

PLANING MABHINE.

(Application filed June 12, 1898.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

No. 624,886. Patented May 9,- I899. S. A. WOODS, H. B. TILLISON &, C. W. H. BLOOD. PLANING MACHINE.

(Application filed June 13, 1893.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Shem 3.

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NTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

SOLOMON A. \VOODS, OF BROOKLINE, AND HOSEA R. TILLISON AND CHARLES W.- H. BLOOD, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS TO THE S. A, WOODS MACHINE COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

PLANlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 624,886, dated May 9, 1899i Application name 12,1893. Serial No. 4771375. on model.)

it To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, SOLOMON A. WOODS,

of Brookline, county of Norfolk, andHOsEA R. TILLISON and CHARLES W. H. BLOOD, of

Boston, county of Suffolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Planing-Machines, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

In wood-planing machines having a preparatory under cutter located in advance of the regular upper and under cutters, particularly when such machines are employed for molding purposes, it is necessary to provide a longitudinal guide-bar to prevent twisting or skewing of the stock and to guide or direct the stock to the cutting or molding knives. This guide-bar must extend either continuously or in sections substantially the entire length of the machine, or from thefeeding-in end up to the side heads near or at the rear end, and the said guide-bar should preferably be made adjustable toward and from the longitudinal center of the bed in order that narrow stock might be run through the middle of the machine,where it would be centrally and evenly acted upon by the feed-rollers, rather than along one edge of the bed, as would be necessary were afixed guide at one edge of the bed employed, and wherein the feed-rollers act unevenly upon the stock and cause the latter to Work away from the guidebar and out of proper alinement with relation to the molding-knives. The guide-bar should also be made adjustable in order that the wear upon the bed be more uniformly dis tributed over the entire surface of the bed instead of being confined to one edge.

Continuous adjustable guide bars have been heretofore used in molding-machines not having apreparatory under outter,for in such machines said guide-bar may be run continuously from the feeding-in end of the machine to theside headsattherear end Withoutreaching and interfering with the regular under cutterbeyond or backof the side heads; but in machines having a preparatory under cutter-it has heretofore been considered unde- 5o sirable to employ a single continuous guidebar, because such guide-bar when made con tinuous must pass over the said preparatory under cutter. This is objectionablefor the reason that it is frequently necessary to lift out or remove one or both the chip-breakers or cutter-bars at opposite sides of the preparatory under cutter to gain access to said under cutter for sharpening purposes and adj ustment,and these chip-breakers or bars cannot be lifted out, if a continuous guide-bar extends over them, without first removing the entire guide-bar. Because of this difficulty it has, so far as we are aware, been the uniform practice of builders to break this long edge guide-bar at the first or preparatory un- 6 der cutter-that is,form said guide-bar in two independent pieces or members terminating at opposite sides of the under cutter, but separated thereat sufficiently to permit the chipbreakers or cutter-bars to be lifted out of 70.

their sockets to permit access to the cutter. This construction, however, is objectionable, for the reason that the guide-bars are usually made adjustable and the ends of the guidebars adjacent and terminating at the under cutter must be firmly secured against displacement, and as the feed-rollers, gearing,presserbars, and other mechanism are necessarily massed together at this point it is exceedingly diffieult to get at the fastening or adj usting devices for the frequent adjustment of the guide-bars necessary for various classes of work. Again, great care and nicety of adjustment are required to so adjust these independent guide-bars that they stand in perfeet alinement.

One of the principal objects of this present invention is to devise a construction wherein a single continuous guide-bar may be employed extending in an unbroken piece from 0 the feeding-in end of the machine to the side heads at the rear end and passing over and clearing the preparatory under cutter and its chip-breakers or cutter-bars and make the said guide-bar preferably freely adjustable 5 toward and from the longitudinal center of the bed, yet at the same time provide some means of access to the preparatory under cutter for sharpening and adjusting without necessitating the setting back or removal of the ,1

continuous guide-bar. This we have accomplished in a single machine by combining with a continuous guide-bar a preparatory under cutter removable endwise from the machine and from beneath the said continuous guide-bar, Whatever the position of thelatter, without disturbing the position or adjustment of the said guide-bar, the chip-breakers or cutter-bars also preferably remaining in position beneath the guide-bar and not removable with the cutter.

The invention also comprehends various features of construction, to be hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents in side elevation one form of a planing and molding machine embodying this invention; Fig. 2, a top or plan view of the same; Fig. 3, a perspective view showing the housing in which the endWise-removable under cutter is mounted; Fig. 4, a top or plan view of the same, showing the cutter with its bearings in position; Fig. 5, a vertical cross-section taken on the dotted line a; m, Fig. 2, a part of the presser-shoes being removed; Fig. 6, a detail looking from the feeding-in end of the machine,showing the swinging cross-bar to which the presser-shoes are attached; Fig. 7, a top or plan view of Fig. 6; Fig. 8, a cross-section on dotted line 00' cc, Fig. 6; Fig. 9, a sectional detail showing the side-head-sup'porting bar, with the collar to which the rear end of the continuous guide is pivoted; Fig. 10, a detail showing the manner of attaching the front end of said guide-bar to the bed; Fig. 11, an enlarged detail showing one of the side-head spindles with its bearing and chip-breakers; Fig. 12, an enlarged detail looking at the rear end of the machine, showing the manner of hanging the swinging table; Fig. 13, a perspective detailshowingtheunder-cutterbearings and connecting-yoke, and Fig. 11 is an enlarged detail in plan of one of the chipbreakers.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the frame, B the driVingshaft, provided with suitable pulleys B, O the bed, D the feed-rollers, and E E the side-head spindles, all of which are and may be of usual construction and may be varied in many ways without affecting this invention.

F represents the preparatory under cutter, journaled at its ends in suitable bearings ff, shown as and preferably connected by a side yokef, holding the two bearings in proper relative positions. These bearings f are fitted to slide in suitable ways f formed in the sides of a housingf provided at its ends with necks f which rest in suitable seats formed in the frame A of the machine, said housing being preferablysupported upon suitable adjusting devices, as the vertical adjusting-screwsf (shown principally in dotted lines, Fig. 1,) said screws having their bearings in lugs 1, formed on the inner sides of the frame and preferably extending down below the said frame, as shown, to permit convenient access for adjusting the under cutters. The housing f is provided with suit able sockets or recesses f 7 to receive and sup port the usual chip-breakers or cutter-bars f which face and extend over the cutter F in usual manner, as shown in Fig. 1. The chipbreakers or cutter-bars are preferably supported in their sockets upon adj usting-screws f by means of which they are adjusted vertically with relation to the cutter. The hous= ingf is also provided at its under side with an outlet shaving-spout f which preferably extends to and through one side of the frame to conduct away the shavings and prevent the latter being scattered throughout the inside of the machine.

G represents the regular upper cutter, and H the regular under cutter, the latter arranged at the rear end of the machine and mounted in suitable adjustable hearings, to be described.

The side-head spindles E E are journaled in usual manner in suitable boxes or bearings c e, mounted upon the preferably square horizontal supporting-bars e 6 carried in the frame, said side-head bearings, with their spindles and cutters, (the latter not being shown,) being adjustable laterally toward and from the longitudinal center of the bed of the machine by suitable mechanism not constituting a part of this invention.

In accordance with one part of this invention we have provided a single continuousedge guide-bar m, provided at its front feeding-in end with suitable adjusting devices, shown as T-bolts m, which slide across the bed 0 in usual T-grooves' m and furnish means for clamping the guide-bar in adjusted position. The bolts m pass through elongated holes or slots an) in the guide-bar (see Fig. 10) for a purpose to be hereinafter referred to. The guide-bar at its rear end, adjacent the side-head spindles, is pivoted at m to a sliding carrier, herein shown as a collar m and preferably made to serve as a clamp, mounted upon one of the side-headsupporting bars 6 or a herein shown as the bar 6 The guide-bar at its front end is provided with a removable pin m adapted to be inserted in one of a series of holes on in a plate m herein shown as set into and flush with the surface of the bed 0 and made adjustable longitudinallyi. 6., crosswise the bed therein-by means of slots in its ends and screws on, passing through said slots. The collar or clamp m at the rear end of the machine and to which the rear end of the guide-rod is pivoted is also provided with a removable pin m adapted to be inserted in any one of a series of holes m in one of the side-head-supporting bars, as the bar 6 holes of the two series 772 and m being similarly spaced. These holes, the walls of which constitute one form of stop-surface, together with the cooperating positioning devices, shown as pins, furnish ready means for adjusting the guide-bar m in perfect alinement into any IIO position nearer to or farther from the longitudinal center of the bed, for the bolts m may be slackened and the front end of the guidebar moved toward or from the center of the bed to the desired point and pinned in place by dropping the pin m in the desired hole, as shown by dotted lines, and then the operator may move or slide the clamp m and the rear end of the guide-bar into like position, determined by the number of holes through which it is moved and pinned in place in like manner, the said clamp mfbeing provided with suitable clamping devices, as the bolts m by which it may be clamped frictionally in any position into which it has been adjusted. The slots m in the guide-bar, through which the clamping devices on are passed, permit either end of the guide-bar to be swung into position in advance of the other'end. As the holes of the two series arespaced regularly from each other, the -guide-bar when moved a distance represented by a certain number of holes at either end must of necessity be in perfect desired alinement, the guide-bar being thus movable step by step for adjustment by regular predetermined distances.

In many classes of work it is desirable to place the guide-bar in a slightly-diagonal position on the bed and with relation to the direction of feed, so as to cause the stock as it is fed through the machine tohng the guide tightly throughout its entire length. For this reason we have provided theplate m which constitutes a support,'said plate being adjustable crosswise the bed. The operator having determined at what angle he wishes the guidebar to stand or how much nearer the longitudinal center of the-machine he wishes to place the rear end of the guide-bar than the front end, he adjusts the plate 102" into such position as will give the desired angular position of the guide-bar, and thereafter the guide-bar may be moved bodily toward or from the longitudinal center of the bed a definite number of holes and pinned in position, yet always preserve the same angularity to cause the stock to hug it. By referring to the drawings it will be seen that this guidebar m extends continuously from the feedingin end of the machine to the side-head spindles in an unbroken piece over the preparatory under cutter F, so that the entire guidebar may be easily moved from and by its ends where easy of access without requiring any adjusting devices whatever adjacent the said preparatory cutter where they would be difficult of access. Access to the cutter, however, may be easily had by drawing the bearings f, which are connected by the yoke f for this purpose, out from the housing f at one side of the machine, as shown in dotted lines, Figs. 2 and 4:, without in any way disturbing the guide-bar m, which may remain in its adjusted position at or near the center of the bed, the chip-breakers or cutter-barsf also remaining in their positions under the guide into which they have been adjusted bythe adjustingscrews f upon which they rest. We are thus enabled to use the very desirable continuous guide-bar and make the same adj ustable into any desired position, yet provide ready access to the preparatory under cutter without disturbing said guide-bar.

The standards G, which carry the bearings for the regular upper cutter G, have pivoted to them at opposite sides of the machine, at 'n, the two arms n, between which is bolted or otherwise secured to form a sort of yoke the cross-bar n (Shown on an enlarged scale in Figs. 5 to 8.) This cross-bar, preferably at its front side, is provided with a T-slot n to receive the heads of a series of clamping devices or bolts at, each of which is extended through a slot 01. in an adjustable presser-block a",

formed with an inturned end or foot n at its lower end, along the under side of which is formed a raised projection or guide-rib it (See Fig. 6.) To the lower ends of these presser-blocks n and fitted to the guide-ribs it are applied the presser-shoes n, fitted to be moved horizontally with relation to said blocks 91 toward and from the upper cutter G. These shoes each have a T-slot n to receive the head of an adjusting and clamping bolt a extended upwardly and slightly diagonally through the block n, to which it is attached, and is provided at its upper end with a nut, as shown.

It will be noticed that the T-slots n in the presser-shoes are inclined downwardly away any tendency of the shoes to move toward the cutter would cause the downwardly-inclined T-slots to immediately take up the looseness and hold the shoes firmly in position. The presser-shoes are thus horizontally adjustable toward and from the upper cutter G in order that they may be moved into proper positions, with relation to various kinds or shapes of cutters employed and, with their blocks niare vertically adjustable on and with relation to the hinged cross-barn to permit the shoes to be raised or lowered,as necessary,relatively to each other to rest upon and adapt themselves to various irregularities in the upper surface of the stock when the machine is being run for moldings. The presser-blocks n are also swiveled or made to swing about their clamping-bolts if, as represented by dotted lines, Fig. 6, to permit the presser-shoes to assume angular positions adapted to rest upon inclined or angular surfaces on the stock being run through the machine. All the presserted at r at the end of the other arm to receive the bolt r By slackening the bolt r the bar r, with its weight, may be turned about r as a pivot into a vertical position out of the way to thereby permit convenient removal of the usual shaving-hood (not shown) and ready access to the presser shoes for adjustment. The bar 1 sustains the weight R, which presses the shoes n down upon the stock, and the said bar r is extended at its ends beyond the arms 11.. When the stock is run through one side of the machine and is acted upon by the presser-shoes at one end of the cross-bar n the weight B may be run out on the extended end of the barr at that side of the machine (see Fig. 5) into a position where it will counterbalance the unsupported part of the frame and shoes and cause the shoes which are over the stock to bear evenly and properly thereupon.

Referring particularly to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the side-head bearing-block e is provided with the usual swinging chip-breaker a, (see Fig. 11,) and it will also be seen that said block is provided with a screw-shaft 6 provided at its front end with a handpiece e, by which it maybe rotated, and at its rear end is surrounded by a spiral spring 6 interposed between the inner face of said bearingblock and a washer and nut 2 threaded upon the inner end of the said screw. This screw passes through a threaded slide-block e", to which may be secured, as by a bolt 6 (see Fig. 2,) a sliding chip-breaker or short guide 6 which for some classes of work is preferable to the swinging chip-breaker 6 usually employed. Either the swinging chip-breaker or the sliding guide 6 may be removed at will when not desired for use. The sliding guide 6 is adjnstablethat is, made to slide toward and from the longitudinal center of the bed of the machine by rotation of the screw e and the spring 6 permits the said shaft, with its guide, to yield against any inequalities in the stock when necessary. The guide a may also be made to act against the stock with greater or less pressure to keep it against the continuous guide m by compression of the spring 2 by rotation of the shaft 6 We have also shown a short guide 0, mounted upon a screw-shaft 0 in a manner similar to the mounting of the guide e the screw 0 being provided at the front side of the machine With an operating-handle 0 and at the rear side of the machine surrounded by a spring 0 interposed between the frame A and the nut 0 threaded upon the rear end of the screw. The guide 0 is worked back and forth toward the longitudinal center of the bed by rotation of the screw 0, and it, with its screw, is free to yield to inequalities in the stock by the spring 0 Referring to Figs. 1, 2, and 12, the bearings h h for the regular under cutter H at the rear end of the machine are mounted in suitable guideways upon adjusting devices, preferably in the form of screws h, by means of which said bearings are made vertically adjustable. The bearings h h are provided with depending arms 71 h provided at their outer sides with guideways for the verticallysliding bars 72. h provided at or near their lower ends with inwardly-projecting ears h, which rest upon the shouldered heads k of the screw-bolts 71.", passed through said ears and screwed into ears h on the lower inner ends of the depending arms 7L2. (See Fig. 12.) The sliding bars are slotted to receive the fixed bolts h which constitute clamping devices to clamp the sliding bars in position.

To the lower ends of the sliding bars h are pivoted or hinged at t the brackets i on and depending at the sides from the end table t the latter being normally retained in its elevated position, Figs. 1 and 12, by means of the hinged clamp-arms t hinged to its frame and provided with hand-screws 79, adapted to act upon the lugs t on the outer sides of the table-brackets t.

By slackening the screws 25 and throwing the clamp-arms i back upon their hinges the table t may be turned down on its hinges into its dotted position, Fig. 1.

The cutter H is adjusted by means of the screws 71/ to vary the depth of out, and the .table 25 goes with it, so that in whatever adjusted position the cutter may be the table is i always in proper position with relation to it.

The table may, however, be adjusted independently of and with relation to the cutter by means of the screws h".

This invention is not limited to the particular arrangement or construction of parts herein employed for the purposes of explaining this invention, for it is evident the same may be varied without departing from the invention.

Should two independent guide-bars be used instead of the single continuous guide-bar herein shown, the pin or equivalent adjusting devices may still be used to advantage, and said adjusting devices maybe used with any other guide bar or bars without departing from the scope of this invention.

Having described our invention embodied in one of its forms and without restricting ourselves to details, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a planing-machine, the combination with the bed, an outer edge guide-bar mounted thereon and extending continuously from end to end thereof, and means for identical adjustment of each end of the guide-bar independently of the other, of feed-rollers, upper and under rotary planers journaled in hearings on said bed, said planers extending across the table intermediate the ends of said continuous guide-bar, means for adjusting said planers toward and from each other, and means for removing the under planer bodily, without any disturbance of said guide-bar in any of its adjustments, substantially asdescribed.

2. A planing-machine, containing the following instrumentalities, viz: aframe; a bed thereon; a horizontal side-head support; a guide-carrier longitudinally movable thereon; adjusting devices between said carrier and its support, consisting of a series of stop-surfaces on one and acooperating positioning device on the other, to retain said carrier in adjusted position on said support; a longitudinal guide-bar connected at one of its ends with said carrier, and at its opposite end with said bed, substantially as described.

3. A planing-machine, containing the following instrumentalities,viz: a frame; an upper cutter; feed-rollers; across-bar arranged close to said cutter and hinged and freely movable about a horizontal axis, and a' series of presser-shoes adjustably secured to said hinged bar and movable with relation thereto both vertically and to vary their angular positions to accommodate the varying upper surface of the stock, substantially as described.

4. In a planing-machine the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a frame; feed-rollers, and upper and under cutters; a vertically-movable hinged cross-bar arranged infront of said uppercutter,and provided with a longitudinal slot, and a series of presserblocks, clamping bolts therefor passing through said slot, presser-shoes mounted to slide longitudinally of the bed on said presserblocks, and clamping-bolts therefor passing vertically through said blocks,'substantially as described.

5. In a planing-machine, the combination with a cutter, a vertically-movable cross-bar arranged in front of said cutter, of a series of presser-blocks secured to and adjustable vertically with relation to said cross-bar; and presser-shoes provided with clamping-surfaces inclined downwardly from said cutter and clam ping-bolts coiiperating therewith by engagement with said inclined surfaces, whereby accidental movement of said pressershoes toward said cutter is prevented, substantially as described.

6. In a planing-machine, the combination withaframe, aloed, and a laterally-adj ustable guide-bar, of a rotatable screw'shaft threaded to and to move said guide-bar, and a spring to permit endwise yielding movement of said screw together with the guide-bar, substantially as described.

7. In a planing-machine, the combination with a guide-bar, and a positioning device carried thereby, of a series of separated stopsurfaces cooperating with said positioning devices, and adjusting devices to vary the position of said series of stop-surfaces, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

8. A planing-machine, containing the following instrumentalities,viz: aframe; abed; feed-rollers an upper cutter; a cross-bar adjacent thereto and pivoted to swing about a horizontal axis extending crosswise said bed; one or more presser-shoes attached to said cross-bar; a weight-supporting bar pivoted to said crossbar and adapted to swing about an axis extending longitudinally said bed into an upright position to permit access to the parts beneath, substantially as described.

9. In a planing-machine, the combination with the bed, of a rotary under cutter, bearings for said cutter, the bed being recessed to hold said cutter and bearings within it, a guide-bar extending longitudinally of the bed across said under cutter and adjustably securedat it-sends on opposite sides of said under cutter, under-cutter bars overhanging said under cutter when the latter is in operative position in the bed, and transverse horizontal ways for the endwise bodily removal of the under cutter transversely through the bed, substantially as described.

10. In a planing-machine,a bed transversely recessed on its upper side to receive a rotary under cutter,horizontal ways extending trans versely of said bed, end bearings mounted to slide in said ways, and a rotary under cutter mounted in said bearings and removable bod ily endwise therewith from the bed of the machine, substantially as described.

11. In a planing-machine, a bed, having a recess in its upper side extending transversely of the machine, a housing, provided at its ends with necks cooperating with seats formed in the frame of the machine, means for vertically adjusting said housing, longitudinal ways in the sides of said housing, end bearings mounted to slide in said ways, and a rotary under cutter journaled in said bearings, substantially as described.

12. In a planing-machine,a bed transversely recessed on its upper side to receive a rotary under cu tter,horizontal ways extending transversely of said bed, end bearings mounted to slide in said ways, and a rotary under cutter mounted in said bearings and removable bodily endwise therewith from the bed of the machine, opposite vertical sockets adjacent said ways, cutter-bars or chip-breakers mounted in said sockets to overhang said under cutter, and means for vertically adjusting said cutter-bars with relation to the cutter, substantially as described. 7

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

SOLOMON A. woons. HOSEA R. TILLISON. CHARLES w. H. BLOOD.

Witnesses:

FREDERICK L. EMERY, EMMA J. BENNETT. 

